Anti-Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody

Name: Anti-Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody
Brand: Aves Labs
SKU: TYH
Price: 440.0 USD
Availability: InStock

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Two antipeptide antibodies were generated in chickens against sequences shared between the mouse (P24529) and human (P07101) gene products. Antibodies were affinity-purified and then mixed in equal concentrations. These antibodies have been validated with human, mouse and rat tissues.

Product Type

Primary Antibody

Species Reactivity

Human, Mouse, Rat

Applications

ICC, IHC, WB

Host Species

Chicken

Format

Affinity-Purified IgY

Gene Name

TH TYH

Molecular Weight

60 kDa

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Immunostaining of paraformaldehyde-fixed (4%) paraffin-embedded sections of the substantia nigra pars compacta of an adult mouse brain. This mouse was engineered to have GFP expressed under control of the actin promoter, which explains the low-level green autofluorescence. Note the high number of dopaminergic neuron cell bodies in this brain region. Detection of the chicken antibody came from a Texas Red-labeled goat anti-chicken IgY, 1:500.

Immunostaining of paraformaldehyde-fixed (4%) paraffin-embedded sections of the caudate nucleus of an adult mouse brain. This mouse was engineered to have GFP expressed under control of the actin promoter, which explains the low-level green autofluorescence. Note the high number of dopaminergic fibers in this brain region. Detection of the chicken antibody came from a Texas Red-labeled goat anti-chicken IgY, 1:500.

Immunostaining of unfixed, thick vibratome sections of adult rat brain Rostral Ventral Lateral Medulla (RVLM) with anti-TH antibody, 1:1000, followed by HRP-labeled goat anti-chicken IgY secondary antibody (Aves Labs, 1:1000 dilution).

Western blot showing specific immunolabeling of tyrosine hydroxylase.

Immunostaining of paraformaldehyde-fixed (4%) paraffin-embedded sections of the substantia nigra pars compacta of an adult mouse brain. This mouse was engineered to have GFP expressed under control of the actin promoter, which explains the low-level green autofluorescence. Note the high number of dopaminergic neuron cell bodies in this brain region. Detection of the chicken antibody came from a Texas Red-labeled goat anti-chicken IgY, 1:500.

Volume: 1000 µL

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Price:

$440

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Product Details

Target

Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH)

Target Description

Human TYH (EC 1.14.16.2) is a 58,523 dalton protein (528 amino acids) responsible for the enzymatic conversion of L-tyrosine to L-DOPA (dihydroxyphenylalanine). This enzyme is expressed in all catecholaminergic neurons of the CNS and PNS. In the CNS, TYH-positive neurons can be found within the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, locus ceruleus, and hypothalamus. In the PNS, TYH-positive neurons can be found within the sympathetic chain, pre-vertebral ganglia and the adrenal medulla.

Format

Affinity-Purified IgY

Concentration

200 µg/mL

Clonality

Polyclonal

Isotype

IgY

Applications

ICC, IHC, WB

Host Species

Chicken

Gene Name

TH TYH

Molecular Weight

60 kDa

Antigen

Synthetic peptides

Species Reactivity

Human, Mouse, Rat

Antibody Registry ID

AB_10013440

Storage

Store at 4°C in the dark. Under these conditions, the antibodies should have a shelf life of at least twelve months, provided they remain sterile. For longer term storage, aliquot and freeze to avoid freeze-thaw of the antibody.

Physical State

Liquid

Production Notes

Chickens were immunized with two synthetic peptide / keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) conjugates. These synthetic peptides corresponded to different regions of the Tyrosine Hydroxylase gene product, but were shared between the human (P07101, NCBI) and mouse (P24529, NCBI) sequences. After repeated injections into the hens, immune eggs were collected, and the IgY fractions were purified from the yolks. These IgY fractions were affinity-purified using a peptide column, and the concentrations of the eluates adjusted to 200 µg/mL. Finally, equal volumes of both affinity-purified anti-peptide antibody preparations were mixed, and the preparation was filter-sterilized.

Buffer

Phosphate-buffered (10 mM) isotonic (0.9%, w/v) saline (“PBS," pH 7.2) with sodium azide (0.02%, w/v) added as a preservative.

Dilution Ranges

WB: 1:1000-1:2000
IHC: 1:1000-1:2000
ICC: 1:1000-1:2000

Quality Control

Both of the antibodies were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (at a concentration of 3 µg/mL) using fluorescein-labeled goat anti-chicken IgY (1:500 dilution, Aves Labs Cat.# F-1005) as the secondary reagent.

Usage Statement

These antibodies are to be used as research laboratory reagents and are not for use as diagnostic or therapeutic reagents in humans.

Country of Origin

United States

Expiration

12 months from receipt of product

Shipping

Ice packs

Synonyms

Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.16.2) (Tyrosine 3-hydroxylase) (TH)

UniProt Details

UniProt (Immunogen Species): P07101

Product Specific References for Applications and Species

Immunocytochemistry: Mouse | Rat
Immunohistochemistry: Human | Mouse | Rat

Immunocytochemistry: Mouse
PMID	Dilution	Publication
28725181	1:1000	Vastagh, C., et al. 2017. Impact of Proestrus on Gene Expression in the Medial Preoptic Area of Mice. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 183.

Immunocytochemistry: Rat
PMID	Dilution	Publication
27098376	1:1000	Jaumotte, J.D., et al. 2016. Protection of cultured dopamine neurons from MPP+ requires a combination of neurotrophic factors. European Journal of Neuroscience, 1691-1699.

Immunohistochemistry: Human
PMID	Dilution	Publication
34856121	not listed	Eicher, A.K., et al. 2021. Functional human gastrointestinal organoids can be engineered from three primary germ layers derived separately from pluripotent stem cells. Cell stem Cell, 36-51.

Immunohistochemistry: Mouse
PMID	Dilution	Publication
36624276	1:1000	Villadiego, J., et al. 2023. Full protection from SARS-CoV-2 brain infection and damage in susceptible transgenic mice conferred by MVA-CoV2-S vaccine candidate. Nature Neuroscience, 226-238.
36598331	1:500	Fan, J.P., et al. 2023. Subthalamic neurons interact with nigral dopaminergic neurons to regulate movement in mice. Acta Physiologica, e13917.
35977498	1:1500	Ambrosi, P., et al. 2022. Striatonigrostriatal circuit architecture for disinhibition of dopamine signaling. Cell reports, 111228.
35715418	1:200	Liu, Z., et al. 2022. Deficiency in endocannabinoid synthase DAGLB contributes to early onset Parkinsonism and murine nigral dopaminergic neuron dysfunction. Nature communications, 3490.
35650441	not listed	Breton-Provencher, V., et al. 2022. Spatiotemporal dynamics of noradrenaline during learned behaviour. Nature, 732-738.
35618950	1:1000	Bian, W.J., et al. 2022. Adolescent sleep shapes social novelty preference in mice. Nature neuroscience, 912-923.
35134327	1:1000	Seiler, J.L., et al. 2022. Dopamine signaling in the dorsomedial striatum promotes compulsive behavior. Current Biology, 1175-1188.
35021098	not listed	Scarpa, L.L., et al. 2022. Mice hypomorphic for Pitx3 show robust entrainment of circadian behavioral and metabolic rhythms to scheduled feeding. Cell reports, 109865.
34707106	1:200	Wang, Y., et al. 2021. The essential role of transcription factor Pitx3 in preventing mesodiencephalic dopaminergic neurodegeneration and maintaining neuronal subtype identities during aging. Cell Death & Disease, 1008.
33966044	1:1000	Dinh, E., et al. 2021. TP53INP1 exerts neuroprotection under ageing and Parkinson’s disease-related stress condition. Cell Death & Disease, 460.
33421565	1:500	Liu, J., et al. 2021. Facilitation of GluN2C-containing NMDA receptors in the external globus pallidus increases firing of fast spiking neurons and improves motor function in a hemiparkinsonian mouse model. Neurobiology of Disease, 105254.
33277492	1:1000	Beas, S.B., et al. 2020. A ventrolateral medulla-midline thalamic circuit for hypoglycemic feeding. Nature Communications, 6218.
33230547	1:1000	Kuerbitz, J., et al. 2020. Temporally Distinct Roles for the Zinc Finger Transcription Factor Sp8 in the Generation and Migration of Dorsal Lateral Ganglionic Eminence (dLGE)-Derived Neuronal Subtypes in the Mouse. Cerebral Cortex, 1744-1762.
32641826	1:200	Muller, P.A., et al. 2020. Microbiota modulate sympathetic neurons via a gut–brain circuit. Nature, 441-446.
31399635	not listed	Underhill, S.M., et al. 2019. Amphetamines signal through intracellular TAAR1 receptors coupled to Gα 13 and Gα S in discrete subcellular domains. Molecular Psychiatry, 1208-1223.
31365862	1:500	Wu, J., et al. 2019. Distinct Connectivity and Functionality of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1a1-Positive Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurons in Motor Learning. Cell Reports, 1167-1181.
31348890	1:2000	Parker, K.E., et al. 2019. A Paranigral VTA Nociceptin Circuit that Constrains Motivation for Reward.. Cell, 653-671.
31291348	1:1000	Schiffino, F.L., et al. 2019. Activation of a lateral hypothalamic-ventral tegmental circuit gates motivation. PloS One, e0219522.
30723893	1:2000	Kruse, S.W., et al. 2019. Effect of monoamine reuptake inhibition and α1 blockade on respiratory arrest and death following electroshock‐induced seizures in mice. Epilepsia, 495-507.
30643295	1:1000	Breton-Provencher, V., et al. 2019. Active control of arousal by a locus coeruleus GABAergic circuit. Nature Neuroscience, 218-228.
30592042	1:1000	Angelova, A., et al. 2019. Characterization of perinatally born glutamatergic neurons of the mouse olfactory bulb based on NeuroD6 expression reveals their resistance to sensory deprivation.. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 1245-1260.
30948828	not listed	Szablowski, J.O., et al. 2018. Acoustically targeted chemogenetics for the non-invasive control of neural circuits. Nature Biomedical Engineering, 475-484.
30524376	1:1000	Bardóczi, S., et al. 2018. GnRH Neurons Provide Direct Input to Hypothalamic Tyrosine Hydroxylase Immunoreactive Neurons Which Is Maintained During Lactation. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 685.
30478340	1:100	Colina, C., et al. 2018. Selective tracking of FFAR3-expressing neurons supports receptor coupling to N-type calcium channels in mouse sympathetic neurons. Scientfic Reports, 17379.
30393144	1:200-1:250	Gil-Tommee, C., et al. 2018. Parkinsonian GM2 synthase mice lacking mature gangliosides develop urinary dysfunction and neurogenic bladder. Experimental Neurology, 265-273.
29691329	1:1500	Barry, J., et al. 2018. Striatal Direct and Indirect Pathway Output Structures are Differentially Altered in Mouse Models of Huntington's Disease. The Journal of Neuroscience, 4678-4694.
29056297	1:1000	Nishiyama, J., et al. 2017. Virus-Mediated Genome Editing via Homology- Directed Repair in Mitotic and Postmitotic Cells in Mammalian Brain. Neuron, 755-768.
29035364	1:1000	Pirzgalska, R.N., et al. 2017. Sympathetic neuron–associated macrophages contribute to obesity by importing and metabolizing norepinephrine. Nature Medicine, 1309-1318.
28972122	1:1000	Tiveron, M.C., et al. 2017. Zic-Proteins Are Repressors of Dopaminergic Forebrain Fate in Mice and C. elegans. The Journal of Neuroscience, 10611-10623.
28814342	1:500	Qin, S., et al. 2017. Septal contributions to olfactory bulb interneuron diversity in the embryonic mouse telencephalon: role of the homeobox gene Gsx2. Neural Development, 13.
28708061	1:2000	McCall, J.G., et al. 2017. Locus coeruleus to basolateral amygdala noradrenergic projections promote anxiety-like behavior. eLife, e18247.
28689984	1:500	De Biase, L.M., et al. 2017. Local cues establish and maintain region-specific phenotypes of basal ganglia microglia. Neuron, 341-356.
28602690	1:500	Cho, R.C., et al. 2017. Dorsal Raphe Dopamine Neurons Modulate Arousal and Promote Wakefulness by Salient Stimuli. Neuron, 1205-1219.
28472858	1:1000	Merchan-Sala, P., et al. 2017. Selective neuronal expression of the SoxE factor, Sox8, in direct pathway striatal projection neurons of the developing mouse brain. The Journal of Comparative Neurology Research in Systems Neuroscience, 2805-2819.
28367972	1:1000	Pereira, M., et al. 2017. A brain-sparing diphtheria toxin for chemical genetic ablation of peripheral cell lineages. Nature Communications, 14967.
28283558	1:1000	Pomeranz, L.E., et al. 2017. Gene Expression Profiling with Cre-Conditional Pseudorabies Virus Reveals a Subset of Midbrain Neurons That Participate in Reward Circuitry. The Journal of Neuroscience, 4128-4144.
28132830	1:1000	Shin, G., et al. 2017. Flexible Near-Field Wireless Optoelectronics as Subdermal Implants for Broad Applications in Optogenetics. Neuron, 509-521.
28132830	1:1000	Shin, G., et al. 2017. Flexible Near-Field Wireless Optoelectronics as Subdermal Implants for Broad Applications in Optogenetics. NeuroResource, 509-521.
25403254	1:1000	Muzerelle, A., et al. 2016. Conditional anterograde tracing reveals distinct targeting of individual serotonin cell groups (B5–B9) to the forebrain and brainstem. Brain Structure and Function, 535-561.
21858821	1:1000	Erickson, C.S., et al. 2012. Sacral neural crest-derived cells enter the aganglionic colon of Ednrb-/- mice along extrinsic nerve fibers.. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 620-632.
34824397	1:2000	Qazi, R., et al. 2009. Scalable and modular wireless-network infrastructure for large-scale behavioural neuroscience. Nature biomedical engineering, 771-786.

Immunohistochemistry: Rat
PMID	Dilution	Publication
35134325	1:200	van Elzelingen, W., et al. 2022. Striatal dopamine signals are region specific and temporally stable across action-sequence habit formation. Current Biology, 1163-1174.
30728447	1:2000	Johnson, A.R., et al. 2019. Cues play a critical role in estrous cycle-dependent enhancement of cocaine reinforcement. Neuropsychopharmacology, 1189-1197.
29859972	1:1000	Glennon, E., et al. 2019. Locus coeruleus activation accelerates perceptual learning. Brain Research, 39-49.
21858819	1:500	Tan, W., et al. 2012. Reelin demarcates a subset of pre-B√∂tzinger complex neurons in adult rat.. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 606-619.

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Anti-Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody

Two antipeptide antibodies were generated in chickens against sequences shared between the mouse (P24529) and human (P07101) gene products. Antibodies were affinity-purified and then mixed in equal concentrations. These antibodies have been validated with human, mouse and rat tissues.