Anti-PAK-1,2,3 (Thr402) Antibody

PAK-1,2,3 (Thr402)

In mammals, there are several identified isoforms of p21-activated protein kinases or PAKs: α-PAK (also known as PAK-1) and β-PAK (also known as PAK-3) are mostly brain-specific, while γ-PAK (also known as PAK-2) is expressed ubiquitously (Jakobi et al., 2003). Mutations of the gene coding for PAK-3 are associated with X-linked mental retardation and recent work indicates that PAK-3 is a key regulator of synapse formation and plasticity in the hippocampus (Boda et al., 2004). PAK-3 is thought to play a key role in regulation of cell shape and motility as well as cell death (Jakobi et al., 2003; Walter et al., 1998). Autophosphorylation of Thr-402 in the protein has been found to be essential for activation of PAK (Jakobi et al., 2000).

Antigen Affinity Purified from Pooled Serum

Polyclonal

IgG

ELISA, WB

Rabbit

PAK1-3

68/70 kDa

Synthetic phospho-peptide corresponding to amino acid residues surrounding Thr402 of rat p21 activated kinase 2 (PAK-2), conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). The peptide sequence used is identical in PAK-1, 2 and 3. Note: Thr402 in PAK-2 corresponds to Thr423 in human PAK-1.

Rat

Rat

Bovine, Canine, Human

AB_2492200

Storage at -20°C is recommended, as aliquots may be taken without freeze/thawing due to presence of 50% glycerol. Stable for at least 1 year at -20°C.

Liquid

Prepared from pooled rabbit serum by affinity purification via sequential chromatography on phospho and non-phosphopeptide affinity columns.

10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg per ml BSA and 50% glycerol.

WB: 1:1000
WB Brain: 1:1000

Unconjugated

Specific for endogenous levels of the ~68 kDa PAK protein phosphorylated at Thr402. The immunolabeling is completely eliminated by treatment with λ-phosphatase.

Phosphorylated

Thr402

Western blots performed on each lot.

For research use only. Not intended for therapeutic or diagnostic use. Use of all products is subject to our terms and conditions, which can be viewed on our website.

After date of receipt, stable for at least 1 year at -20°C.

Alpha PAK; Beta PAK; CDKN1A activated kinase 2; bPAK; CDKN1A activated kinase 3; CDKN1A; Cdc42/Rac activated kinase 1; Gamma PAK; Cdc42/Rac activated kinase 2; hPAK3; Cdc42/Rac activated kinase 3; MRX30; STE20 homolog yeast; MRX47; yeast Ste20 related; Oligophrenin 3; OPHN3; P21 (CDKN1A activated kinase 2; P21 (CDKN1A activated kinase 3; p21 activated kinase 1; p21 activated kinase 2; p21 activated kinase 3; P21 protein (Cdc42/Rac activated kinase 1; P21 protein (Cdc42/Rac activated kinase 2; P21 protein (Cdc42/Rac activated kinase 3; P21/Cdc42/Rac1 activated kinase 1 (STE20 homolog yeast; P21/Cdc42/Rac1 activated kinase 1 (yeast Ste20 related; P58; P65 PAK; PAK 2; PAK 3; PAK1; PAK2; PAK3; PAK3beta; PAK65; PAKalpha; PAKgamma; S6/H4 kinase; Serine/threonine protein kinase PAK 1; Serine/threonine protein kinase PAK 2; Serine/threonine protein kinase PAK 3; Serine/threonine protein kinase PAK1; Serine/threonine protein kinase PAK2; Serine/threonine protein kinase PAK3; P21; P21 protein; P21/Cdc42/Rac1 activated kinase 1

P35465
UniProt Summary: Protein kinase involved in intracellular signaling pathways downstream of integrins and receptor-type kinases that plays an important role in cytoskeleton dynamics, in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, mitosis, and in vesicle-mediated transport processes (PubMed:10551809, PubMed:11896197, PubMed:12876277, PubMed:14585966, PubMed:15611088, PubMed:17726028, PubMed:17989089, PubMed:30290153, PubMed:17420447). Can directly phosphorylate BAD and protects cells against apoptosis (By similarity). Activated by interaction with CDC42 and RAC1 (PubMed:8805275, PubMed:9528787). Functions as a GTPase effector that links the Rho-related GTPases CDC42 and RAC1 to the JNK MAP kinase pathway (PubMed:8805275, PubMed:9528787). Phosphorylates and activates MAP2K1, and thereby mediates activation of downstream MAP kinases (By similarity). Involved in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, actin stress fibers and of focal adhesion complexes (PubMed:9032240, PubMed:9395435). Phosphorylates the tubulin chaperone TBCB and thereby plays a role in the regulation of microtubule biogenesis and organization of the tubulin cytoskeleton (PubMed:15831477). Plays a role in the regulation of insulin secretion in response to elevated glucose levels (PubMed:22669945). Part of a ternary complex that contains PAK1, DVL1 and MUSK that is important for MUSK-dependent regulation of AChR clustering during the formation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) (By similarity). Activity is inhibited in cells undergoing apoptosis, potentially due to binding of CDC2L1 and CDC2L2 (PubMed:12624090). Phosphorylates MYL9/MLC2 (By similarity). Phosphorylates RAF1 at 'Ser-338' and 'Ser-339' resulting in: activation of RAF1, stimulation of RAF1 translocation to mitochondria, phosphorylation of BAD by RAF1, and RAF1 binding to BCL2 (PubMed:11733498). Phosphorylates SNAI1 at 'Ser-246' promoting its transcriptional repressor activity by increasing its accumulation in the nucleus (PubMed:15833848). In podocytes, promotes NR3C2 nuclear localization (By similarity). Required for atypical chemokine receptor ACKR2-induced phosphorylation of LIMK1 and cofilin (CFL1) and for the up-regulation of ACKR2 from endosomal compartment to cell membrane, increasing its efficiency in chemokine uptake and degradation (PubMed:23633677). In synapses, seems to mediate the regulation of F-actin cluster formation performed by SHANK3, maybe through CFL1 phosphorylation and inactivation (By similarity). Plays a role in RUFY3-mediated facilitating gastric cancer cells migration and invasion (PubMed:25766321). In response to DNA damage, phosphorylates MORC2 which activates its ATPase activity and facilitates chromatin remodeling (PubMed:23260667). In neurons, plays a crucial role in regulating GABA(A) receptor synaptic stability and hence GABAergic inhibitory synaptic transmission through its role in F-actin stabilization (By similarity). In hippocampal neurons, necessary for the formation of dendritic spines and excitatory synapses; this function is dependent on kinase activity and may be exerted by the regulation of actomyosin contractility through the phosphorylation of myosin II regulatory light chain (MLC) (By similarity). Along with GIT1, positively regulates microtubule nucleation during interphase (PubMed:27012601). Phosphorylates FXR1, promoting its localization to stress granules and activity (PubMed:20417602). Phosphorylates ILK on 'Thr-173' and 'Ser-246', promoting nuclear export of ILK (PubMed:17420447). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O88643, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P35465, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10551809, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11733498, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11896197, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12624090, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12876277, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14585966, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15611088, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15831477, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15833848, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17420447, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17726028, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17989089, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20417602, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22669945, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23260667, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23633677, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25766321, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27012601, ECO:0000269|PubMed:30290153, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8805275, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9032240, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9395435, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9528787}.

29431

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